2017 izwi nkumwaka wambere wa PHOTOVOLTAIC yagabanijwe mu Bushinwa, kwiyongera kwumwaka kugabanwa PV yagabanijwe ni 20GW, byagereranijwe ko urugo rwagabanijwe PV rwiyongereyeho ingo zirenga 500.000, muri zo zhejiang, Shandong intara ebyiri za kwishyiriraho PV murugo ni ingo zirenga 100.000.
Nkuko bizwi na bose, ugereranije na sitasiyo nini nini ku butaka, ibidukikije hejuru y’igisenge cyagabanijwe kuri sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi biragoye cyane, mu rwego rwo kwirinda ingaruka z’inzitizi nka parapeti, inyubako zikikije, insinga zo hejuru, chimney yo hejuru, izuba icyuma gishyushya amazi, kandi kugirango wirinde ikibazo gitandukanye kijyanye no kumurika igisenge ntigihuye, ahantu hashobora kuboneka ibisenge bizagabanuka kandi ubushobozi bwashyizweho buzaba buke.
Niba iki gice cyo gukingira kitirindwa, sitasiyo yamashanyarazi izatera urukurikirane no kudahuza bitewe no gukingira cyangwa kumurika bidahuye, kandi muri rusange ingufu z'amashanyarazi zizagabanuka.Nk’uko raporo z’ubushakashatsi zibigaragaza, igicucu cyaho igicucu cyamafoto yerekana amashanyarazi azagabanya amashanyarazi yose hejuru ya 30%.
Dukurikije isesengura ry’icyitegererezo cya PVsyst, bitewe n'ibiranga urukurikirane rw'amafoto, niba ingufu z'amashanyarazi imwe ya module imwe yagabanutseho 30%, ingufu z'ibindi bice bigize itsinda ryose nazo zizagwa ku rwego rumwe, ibyo ni ikibaho kigufi cyibiti byimbaho muri sisitemu ya fotokolta ya sisitemu.
Urebye uko byavuzwe haruguru, birasabwa gushyiraho amashanyarazi ya PV, ashobora kwigenga kugenzura ubwiyongere bwumuvuduko nigabanuka rya buri module ya PV, gukemura ibibazo byuruhererekane no kudahuza guhuza amatsinda ya Photovoltaque yatewe nibice byihishe, ahantu hashyushye, igicucu, isuku itandukanye, icyerekezo hamwe no kumurika, kandi birashobora guteza imbere ingufu rusange za sisitemu.
Imanza eshatu zakoreshejwe mugusuzuma imikorere ya optimizer yamashanyarazi.
Amashanyarazi ya 8KW hejuru yinzu, ubushobozi bwo gutanga ahantu heza hashyizweho 130%, byabyara amashanyarazi 6 KWH buri munsi.
Sitasiyo yo murugo 8KW yubatswe muri etage ya gatatu yinyubako.Ibice bimwe byashyizwe kumurongo wa balkoni nibindi bice bishyirwa hejuru ya tile.
Moderi ya batiri igicucu gishyushya amazi hamwe numunara wamazi wegeranye, bigereranywa na PVsyst mumezi 12 yumwaka.Kubera iyo mpamvu, itanga amashanyarazi make 63% kurenza uko byakagombye, 8.3 KWH gusa kumunsi,
Nyuma ya optimizer imaze gushyirwaho muriki ruhererekane, mugereranya ingufu zamashanyarazi muminsi 10 yizuba mbere na nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, isesengura niryo rikurikira:
Umunsi wambere wibikorwa bya optimizer ni 20 Ukuboza, mugihe kimwe, igice cyumusatsi wamashanyarazi yitsinda ryagereranijwe kongerwaho kugirango harebwe isesengura kugirango hirindwe ingaruka ziterwa nimirasire, ubushyuhe nizindi mvururu.Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho optimizer, igipimo cyo kongera ingufu ni 130%, naho impuzandengo ya buri munsi yiyongera ni 6 KWH.
5.5KW hejuru y’amashanyarazi hejuru y’amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi yatanzwe neza yiyongereyeho 39.13%, atanga amashanyarazi 6.47 KWH buri munsi.
Kuri sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi ya 5.5kW yashyizwe mu bikorwa mu 2017, imirongo yombi yibasiwe n’ubuhungiro bw’ibiti bikikije, kandi amashanyarazi ari munsi y’urwego rusanzwe.
Ukurikije uko ibintu byifashe gukingirwa kurubuga, kwerekana no gusesengura bikorwa muri pvsyst.Iyi migozi yombi ifite modul 20 zose zifotora, zizaba zifite igicucu cyamezi 10 yumwaka, bikagabanya cyane ingufu rusange za sisitemu.Mu ncamake, optimizer ya fotovoltaque yashyizwe kumurongo ibiri ya modules 20 kurubuga rwumushinga.
Nyuma yo gukoresha amashanyarazi 20 ya fotovoltaque yashyizwe kumurongo ibiri, mugereranije kubyara amashanyarazi muminsi 5 yizuba mbere na nyuma yo kuyishyiraho, isesengura niryo rikurikira:
Umunsi wambere wibikorwa bya optimizer ni 30 Ukuboza, mugihe kimwe, igice cyumusatsi wamashanyarazi yitsinda ryagereranijwe kongerwaho kugirango hasesengurwe kugirango hatabaho ingaruka zimirasire, ubushyuhe nizindi mvururu.Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho optimizer, ingufu zo kongera ingufu zingana ni 39.13%, naho impuzandengo ya buri munsi yiyongera ni 6.47 KWH.
2MW ikomatanya amashanyarazi, ingufu z'amatsinda ane mukarere ka optimizasi yiyongereyeho 105,93%, itanga amashanyarazi 29.28 KWH buri munsi.
Kuri sitasiyo ya 2MW ikomatanyirijwe mu misozi yashyizwe mu bikorwa mu 2015, gukingira igicucu ku rubuga biragoye cyane, bigabanijwemo ibice bitatu: gukingira inkingi z'amashanyarazi, gukingira ibiti ndetse no gutandukanya imbere n'inyuma y'ibice.Imbere ninyuma ikingira ibice bizagaragara mugihe cyimbeho kuko inguni yizuba iba mike, ariko ntabwo mubihe byizuba.Igicucu cyibiti nigicucu kibaho umwaka wose.
Icyitegererezo cya sisitemu yose yashizweho muri pvsyst ukurikije ibipimo by'icyitegererezo cy'ibigize na inverter muri sisitemu, aho umushinga uherereye n'ibihe byihariye byo kugicucu.Mu gihe cyizuba, gutakaza umurongo wumuriro wumucyo ni 8.9%.Agaciro ka theoretical ntigashobora kuboneka kubera gutakaza amashanyarazi adahuye biterwa no kudahuza.
Ukurikije uko urubuga rumeze, hatoranijwe imirongo ine, amashanyarazi 22 yerekana amashanyarazi ashyirwa muri buri mugozi, kandi hashyizweho 88 optimizeri.Mugereranije ingufu zamashanyarazi mbere na nyuma yo kwishyiriraho hamwe nimbaraga zamashanyarazi zegeranye zidashyizwemo optimizer imirongo, isesengura nuburyo bukurikira:
Mu gihe cy'izuba, ihungabana ry’imirasire y’ikirere rigomba kugabanuka, kandi igice cy’ibara ry’amashanyarazi yo kugereranya amatsinda yo kugereranya kigomba kongerwaho kugira ngo gikorwe kugira ngo gikureho ingaruka z’imishwarara, ubushyuhe n’andi mafaranga yivanga.Nyuma ya optimizer imaze gushyirwaho, kubyara ingufu za sitasiyo yumuriro hejuru ya 105,93% kurenza iyo mugihe itarashyirwaho, impuzandengo yumuriro w'amashanyarazi kumurongo wiyongereyeho 7.32 KWH, kandi amashanyarazi yimirongo ine ni yiyongereyeho 29.28 KWH kumunsi.
Bitewe no kugabanuka kwamashanyarazi manini manini hamwe nuburemere bwibikoresho nibidukikije nkimisozi, birasabwa ko rubanda nyamwinshi ikoresha igisenge mugushiraho sisitemu ya fotora.Tuzatanga gahunda yuzuye yo kwishyiriraho gahunda hamwe na gahunda yo gusukura imirasire y'izuba.Tuzahora twiyemeje guha abakoresha ingufu zifite umutekano, zihamye kandi zizewe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-07-2022